Transnational corporations, or TNCs, or just plain big businesses, are everywhere. They have an overwhelming influence and impact on our lives—and on the planet.They boast they are a force for good—and are helping in the fight against climate change. But Peter Dauvergne, professor of international relations at the University of British Columbia in Canada, begs to differ.
"The earth's climate is drifting into an ever-deeper crisis as the shadows of mass production, transportation and industrial agriculture continue to intensify," said Dauvergne.
The buzz word among TNCs is sustainability: TNCs see themselves leading the struggle to build a better world, in which resources will be ever more carefully managed—and climate-changing greenhouse gases reduced.
Leap of Faith
"We are entering a very interesting period of history where the responsible business world is running ahead of the politicians," said Unilever, the giant Anglo-Dutch consumer goods company.
With their global reach and enormous financial resources—which dwarf those of many countries round the world—TNCs say they are ushering in a sustainable future.
But trusting big business to lead sustainability efforts, says Dauvergne, is like trusting arsonists to be our firefighters.
He does point out that TNCs are doing many good things. For example, Walmart—the world's biggest company by far—uses solar panels on its stores, recycles increasing amounts of its waste and donates millions of dollars to environmental causes, including the fight against climate change.
Sustainable Business
Technology giants like Google and Apple have switched to using renewable energy across their operations.
TNCs spend billions each year on pressing home their sustainability message, stressing their adherence to the code of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR).
But Dauvergne says that, ultimately, CSR aims to enhance the sustainability of business, not the sustainability of the earth:
"One should not be fooled: when all is said and done, what companies like Walmart, Coca-Cola and BP are doing in the name of sustainability is aiming to advance the prosperity of business, not the integrity of ecosystems or the quality of future life."
Financial Heft
Dauvergne says TNCs have amassed extraordinary financial resources. The top 500 corporations in the U.S. now account for two-thirds of the country's gross domestic product.
"Of the world's top 100 revenue generators in 2015, 69 were companies and 31 were states."
Mergers and takeovers, with small businesses being gobbled up, have led to an ever greater concentration of corporate wealth and power. A handful of giant companies has enormous influence on global agriculture—controlling fertilizer and pesticide production and, most importantly, the availability of seeds.
TNCs, says Dauvergne, encourage both overconsumption and rising rates of unequal consumption. They use their financial clout and their teams of accountants and lawyers to avoid taxes—and to reap more profits for their shareholders.
Tax avoidance is severely damaging, especially to developing countries where losses of billions of dollars in revenues result in increased poverty, inadequate social services and weak environmental enforcement.
Maybe the TNCs have come to believe their own propaganda, but the degree of corporate chutzpah is, at times, amazing to behold.
McDonald's boasts that it is "helping to lead a global movement on beef sustainability." BP, responsible for spewing millions of barrels of oil into the Gulf of Mexico, says sustainability is at the heart of its corporate strategy.
Confrontation Needed
VW, which installed technology in millions of its cars to shut off pollution controls, says it abides by transparent and responsible corporate governance.
For the good of the future of the planet, the public—and governments—must confront big business, says Dauvergne: the corporate world is never going to be turned into a force for social justice and planetary sustainability.
"Any chance of stopping big business from destroying much of the earth will require governments and societies to reorient global environmental policies to reduce—and then restrain—the power of big business.
"Doing so is increasingly urgent, as the exact opposite is now happening, with the financial, political and cultural power of big business rising at an ever-quickening clip."
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ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Kieran Cooke of the Climate News Network is a former foreign correspondent for both the BBC and the Financial Times, and continues to contribute to the BBC and a wide range of international newspapers and radio networks. He has been based in Indonesia, Hong Kong, Japan, Malaysia, Greece and Ireland, and has also served as a press officer at the United Nations in New York. Although he has reported extensively on economic and business matters, in recent years he has focused on environmental issues and has graduated with distinction from Oxford University in environmental conservation. He trains and mentors journalists around the world, under the auspices of the UN Environment Programme and other organisations, including an extensive journalists’ training programme in the Himalayan region. He is a veteran of several environmental expeditions and has spent time in the Arctic and in the Amazon. He also writes for EcoWatch, a leading environmental news site engaging millions of concerned individuals every month. We are leading the charge in using online news in the U.S. to drive fundamental change to ensure the health and longevity of our planet. EcoWatch provides original content from a team of reporters and features insights from prominent environmental and business leaders. News is also curated from more than 50 media partners, and we amplify the message of hundreds of environmental and science organizations from around the world.
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